ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL E SAÚDE MENTAL DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS LATINO-AMERICANOS NA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: Revisão sistemática

André Walsh Monteiro; Fabio Aléxis Rincón Uribe; Amauri Gouveia Júnior; Janari da Silva Pedroso

doi:10.22289/2446-922X.V10N1A7

Autores

André Walsh-Monteiro Instituto Federal do Pará https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-2982
Fabio Aléxis Rincón Uribe Universidade Federal do Pará https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-2429
Amauri Gouveia Jr Universidade Federal do Pará https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-9662
Janari da Silva Pedroso Universidade Federal do Pará https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7602-834X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22289/2446-922X.V10N1A7

Palavras-chave:

Comportamento, Sofrimento Psicológico, Ansiedade, Depressão, Estresse da Vida

Resumo

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de publicações que relataram a avaliação da saúde mental de estudantes universitários da América Latina especificamente durante o período de isolamento social na pandemia da Covid-19. As bases de dados utilizadas para pesquisa, foram: Lilacs, PubMed, APA PsycInfo e Scielo para coleta de estudos em inglês, espanhol ou português. A consulta às bases ocorreu em maio de 2022 e os descritores adotados, foram: saúde mental, estudantes e pandemia. O booleano AND foi utilizado para combinação dos descritores. Foram incluídos estudos com graduandos em instituições da América Latina, envolvendo saúde mental e terem sido realizados durante o período de isolamento social. Foram excluídas todas as publicações que não fossem estudos empíricos, com outros membros da comunidade acadêmica ou em idiomas que não os da consulta às bases. A seleção de artigos elegíveis foi realizada por dois revisores que avaliaram a qualidade de cada um dos estudos para posterior extração dos dados. Para a síntese dos resultados foi utilizada a abordagem de narrativa de síntese temática. Foram identificadas 6.150 publicações inicialmente, que resultaram em 11 estudos incluídos após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados revelam, com exceção a um estudo, que a qualidade da saúde mental dos estudantes universitários latino-americanos durante o período de isolamento social na pandemia Covid-19 reduziu. Os impactos principais relatados envolvem aumento nos níveis de ansiedade, estresse e depressão, além de piora na qualidade do sono. Observou-se que a realização de atividade física e coping pré-estresse neste período serviram como fatores protetivos à saúde mental. Por outro lado, fatores como: sedentarismo, instabilidade econômica, ser do gênero feminino e ter tido Covid-19 se mostraram potencializadores à piora da saúde mental dos indivíduos.

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