ATENÇÃO, MEMÓRIA E NOMEAÇÃO DIRETAMENTE BENEFICIADOS POR ESTIMULAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA TRANSCRANIANA APÓS ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22289/2446-922X.V10N1A32Palavras-chave:
Reabilitação Cognitiva, Avaliação Cognitiva Montreal, Cognição, Lesão CerebralResumo
Alterações das funções cognitivas são sequelas comuns após um Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). Essas alterações representam uma demanda significativa nos serviços de reabilitação que tem utilizado a Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (EMT) para melhorar as funções motoras e o humor de pacientes pós AVC. Além de sua característica não invasiva, há evidências de que esta técnica altere positivamente os processos cognitivos. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, prospectivo e transversal envolvendo a participação de 30 pacientes com idade entre 24 e 74 anos que sofreram AVC, tendo como objetivo investigar o efeito da EMT sobre a cognição. Este protocolo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética sob n° 54977216.3.0000.5078. A seleção dos participantes ocorreu no Serviço de Neuromodulação em um Centro Especializado de Reabilitação. Todos os participantes foram avaliados por meio do Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), um teste cognitivo de triagem padrão ouro internacional para detectar comprometimento cognitivo leve e que tem sido utilizado no contexto de AVC e outras lesões adquiridas. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um protocolo de EMT de 20 sessões de 20 minutos, duas vezes por semana. Os escores totais obtidos pelos participantes no teste MOCA nos períodos pré e pós-intervenção foram, respectivamente: 19,43±3,71 e 21,30±4,25, demonstrando uma melhora significativa. Observou-se uma melhora nos subtestes atenção, memória e nomeação 3,20±1,49; 2,10±1,63; 2,10±1,63 em contraste com 3,77±1,48; 2,97±1,88; 2,67±0,61 nos períodos pré e pós-intervenção, respectivamente (p <0,05). Esses resultados reforçam as evidências de que a EMT melhora o desempenho cognitivo geral particularmente as funções relacionadas às tarefas de atenção, memória e nomeação.
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